4 Types of PCOS (a Flowchart)

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is not one disease. Instead, it’s “a heterogeneous disorder with different underlying biological mechanisms.” In other words, it’s a set of symptoms (androgen excess and anovulatory cycles) caused or driven by several underlying factors. To successfully treat PCOS, you need to identify which factor (or factors) is driving the symptoms. In … Read more

Pain Is Not a Symptom of PCOS

According to a 2017 study, pain is the most frequently reported symptom of PCOS. Even though pain is not a symptom of PCOS! The solution to this paradox is that both PCOS and period pain are common, so it’s easy to have both a PCOS diagnosis and period pain (including pain due to endometriosis). That’s … Read more

Is It PCOS or Hypothalamic Amenorrhea (Undereating)?

What is the difference between polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and hypothalamic amenorrhea? PCOS is the condition of androgen excess when all other causes of androgen excess have been ruled out. It can also cause irregular periods. Hypothalamic amenorrhea (HA) is the loss of periods due to undereating. It can also present with mild acne, facial … Read more

PCOS Cannot Be Diagnosed (or Ruled Out) by Ultrasound

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) cannot be diagnosed by ultrasound because polycystic ovaries are not cysts. They’re follicles or eggs which are normal for the ovary. It’s normal for all women to sometimes have a higher number of follicles. It’s normal for young women to always have a higher number of follicles because young women have … Read more